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Native American Art and Culture

College of Visual Arts

Dr. Sue Short


General Introduction

Terminology

Indian

Native American

Indigenous

First Nations

Tribal Names

"Sioux"

"Chippewa"

Subjects

Architecture

Residential

Ceremonial

Artifacts

Things produced & "art"

Anthropological Approach

Study of Culture

Ethnography

Ethnology

Ethnohistory

Aspects of Culture

History of European invasion and conquest.

Reconstruction of pre-contact ways of life.

External political affairs.

Warfare and alliances.

Trade relations.

Economics and subsistence systems

Natural environment

Major types:

Hunting and foraging

Horticulture

Agriculture

Pastoralism

Industrial market economy

Social and Political Organization

Types of political organization:

Bands

Tribes

Chiefdoms

Nations/states

Kinship systems

Lineages (matrilineal, patrilineal)

Nuclear family basis

Ceremonial and Religious

Belief systems and cosmology highly variable.

Some shared themes:

No sharp separation between spirit and human worlds.

Shamanism

Religious organizations and priesthood

Transformation

Language

Patterns of language families

Migration studies

Cultural practices and language family

Regional Approach

East & Southeast

Natchez

Cherokee

Iroquois

Plains & West

Crow

Cahuilla

Yurok

Southwest

Hopi

Navajo

North

Netsilik (Eskimo)

Chipewyan

Northwest

Tlingit